Self Priming Pump

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Taizhou Inwon Technology Co.,ltd is a professional enterprise in the production of water pumps. Located in Daxi Town, Wenling Taizhou City, Zhejiang of China, which is well known as"Hometown of Water Pump".

Taizhou Inwon Technology Co.,ltd is engaged in various kinds of high quality permanent magnet variable frequency water pumps, such as booster pumps, self priming pumps, multi-stage pumps, shield circulation pumps, motors, etc.

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What is Self Priming Pump?

A self-priming pump is a specific type of fluid pump that needs to be filled with a liquid within the pump cavity or pump body to start the pumping process. This design feature provides an opportunity to increase operating efficiency in process plants where pumps are used for a series of repeated but intermittent operations.

The constant presence of fluid in the pump body enables the pump to better handle so-called “air pockets,” or accumulations of air bubbles in the pump’s operating mechanism that can impair its proper operation. In practice, self-priming pumps are previously filled with the relevant fluid through a small port located on the pump body (the chamber where the impeller is located). After this operation, the pump can be operated, triggering turbulence that allows the fluid to rise and “clear” the piping of air.

Benefits of Self Priming Pump

Entrained gas handling

Due to their ability to vent suction lines they can handle fluids with entrained gasses, priming for up to 30 mins without drawing liquid.

Easy to maintain

They are far easier to maintain than a submersible pump which is immersed in the liquid and may need confined space training to maintain.

Reliable

Their designs are not based on use with other accessories meaning they do not rely on additional valves to function which can sometimes fail

Robust

As the motor and cable are not immersed in fluids, they are longer lasting and less exposed to pumping mediums when handling corrosive or aggressive fluids

Types of Self Priming Pump

Centrifugal self-priming pumps

These are the most common type of self-priming pumps. They use a centrifugal impeller to create a vacuum and draw in the fluid. Centrifugal self-priming pumps are suitable for a wide range of applications, including water transfer, irrigation, and wastewater pumping.

Trash pumps

Trash pumps are a type of centrifugal self-priming pump designed to handle fluids with solids, debris, and other abrasive materials. They are commonly used in construction, mining, and municipal applications for pumping slurry, mud, and other heavy-duty fluids.

Jet pumps

Jet self-priming pumps use a venturi effect to create suction and draw fluid into the pump casing. They consist of a jet assembly that generates a high-velocity flow of liquid, creating a vacuum and inducing the fluid to enter the pump. Jet pumps are often used in shallow well and domestic water supply systems.

Diaphragm self-priming pumps

Diaphragm pumps use flexible diaphragms to move fluid through the pump. These pumps can handle fluids with high viscosity, solids, and chemicals. Diaphragm self-priming pumps are commonly used in industrial processes, chemical handling, and wastewater treatment.

Rotary vane self-priming pumps

Rotary vane pumps use rotating vanes to create a vacuum and draw in the fluid. They are suitable for handling thin liquids, fuels, and light oils. Rotary vane self-priming pumps are often used in automotive and fuel transfer applications.

Liquid ring self-priming pumps

Liquid ring pumps use a rotating liquid ring to create a vacuum and draw in the fluid. They are commonly used in applications where the pumped fluid contains gases or where a continuous, non-pulsating flow is required, such as in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

Peripheral self-priming pumps

Peripheral pumps, also known as regenerative or side-channel pumps, use an impeller with radial blades that channel fluid around the pump casing. This design creates a continuous flow and self-priming capabilities. Peripheral self-priming pumps are suitable for low flow and high-pressure applications.

Piston self-priming pumps

Piston pumps use reciprocating pistons to move fluid through the pump. They are often used in applications where high pressures are required, such as in pressure washing systems and firefighting equipment.

Application of Self Priming Pump

1.ATEX fluid transfer:Rather than having an ATEX submersible pump immersed in a flammable liquid, having a surface mounted pump which primes from pits can be far safer, and lead to fewer issues as the motor and cable glands are not immersed within the flammable liquid. One ATEX self-priming pump we provided in the past was for a distillery to bulk transfer Methanol at 95% concentration.

2.Pit emptying:Units are great at pit emptying eliminating the need for confined space entry.

3.Solid handling:Such designs are typically engineered to handle solids and can often transfer these comfortably. One of our previous projects that required solid handling was for a wheel wash system at a quarry.

4.Wastewater handling & dewatering:Units can be kept in situ with hoses ported around site for dewatering various areas rather than having to relocate pumps each time an area needs dewatering saving time, labour, and resources.

5.Tanker offloading:Self priming pumps ensure that tankers, and storage tanks are stripped of fluid, maximising fluid transfer as well as eliminating vapour locking in suction lines.

6.Varying inlet / tidal conditions:For transferring from tidal rivers or the sea to on land, having a pump which can handle fluctuating intake conditions can help eliminate any possible issues caused by changes in fluid suction height.

7.Firefighting:Self-priming pumps are used in firefighting equipment to quickly draw water from sources like lakes, ponds, or hydrants. Their ability to self-prime ensures rapid response in emergencies.

8.Mining operations:Self-priming pumps are used in mining for dewatering pits and underground tunnels. They can handle water with solids and ensure effective drainage.

9.Oil and gas industry:Self-priming pumps find applications in the oil and gas industry for transferring liquids containing gases, crude oil, and refined products.

10.Municipal water supply:Self-priming pumps can be used in municipal water supply systems to pump water from wells or reservoirs to distribution networks.

11.Pulp and paper industry:Self-priming pumps are used for handling various fluids in the pulp and paper manufacturing process, including pumping slurry and chemical solutions.

12.Agricultural spraying:Self-priming pumps are used in agricultural spraying equipment to transfer fertilizers, pesticides, and other chemicals from storage tanks to spraying systems.

Components of Self Priming Pump

Impeller

The impeller is a rotating component inside the pump that transfers energy from the motor to the fluid. It generates centrifugal force, which helps create the initial vacuum necessary for the self-priming process.

Voluted or casing

The volute or casing of the pump provides the chamber in which the impeller rotates. It is designed to capture the fluid discharged from the impeller and direct it towards the discharge outlet.

Priming chamber

This is a separate chamber within the pump that is designed to trap air and gases from the suction line. The priming chamber allows the separation of air from the fluid, aiding in the self-priming process.

Check valve

A check valve, often called a foot valve, is located at the inlet of the pump’s suction pipe. It allows the fluid to flow into the pump’s casing while preventing the backflow of liquid when the pump is not operating. This check valve helps maintain the fluid column in the suction line and aids in the self-priming process.

Air-water separation chamber

In some self-priming pump designs, an air-water separation chamber is included. This chamber helps separate air and water, allowing air to rise to the top and be vented out while water is directed back into the impeller or priming chamber.

Priming assist mechanism

Self-priming pumps often include mechanisms to aid the priming process. This can include features like a priming button or a priming vent to manually release air from the system, facilitating the initial priming.

Air release valve

An air release valve is sometimes included in the discharge line to allow any trapped air within the pump casing to be released during operation.

Motor

The motor provides the rotational energy required to drive the impeller. It can be an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, depending on the application.

Process of Self Priming Pump

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During the priming cycle, the rotating impeller creates a vacuum at the impeller’s eye that draws compressed air from the suction line into the pump.

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Differential pressure pushes the air up the suction line, and a ring of liquid forms inside the pump casing around the impeller, creating an air-tight seal. The seal prevents air in the discharge line from leaking back into the suction line.

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Air bubbles trapped in the liquid within the impeller’s vanes move up towards the discharge chamber where the liquid and air bubbles separate.

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Under gravity’s effect, the heavy liquid flows back down through a recirculation port to the pump reservoir, and the air evacuates through the open-ended discharge line or an air-release device.

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As the liquid recirculates through the pump casing and the air evacuates, we create a low-pressure system at the impeller’s eye. Due to a differential in pressure, higher atmospheric pressure outside the pump forces liquid up the suction line.

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Differential pressure continues to push the liquid up the suction line, pushing the air ahead of it into the impeller where it evacuates through the recirculation process until the liquid from the suction line reaches the pump chamber.

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Complete pumping operation (the pumping cycle) begins at this point, stopping the recirculation process so the pump can discharge the liquid.

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After the pump completes its job, it’s shut off. When it’s off, the prime chamber retains enough liquid so it can self-prime again for future use.

How to Maintain Self Priming Pump

Visual inspection: Regularly inspect the pump, piping, and connections for signs of leaks, corrosion, or damage.

Lubrication: Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for lubrication of bearings and other moving parts.

Cleanliness: Keep the pump and surrounding area clean to prevent debris from entering the system.

Check valves

Inspect and clean the check valve periodically to ensure proper functioning and prevent clogging.

Impeller and casing

Check for signs of wear or damage on the impeller blades and casing. Any damage can affect pump efficiency.

Air release valves

If your pump has air release valves, ensure they are functioning correctly and venting air as needed.

Electrical components

If the pump is electrically powered, inspect and test motor controls, switches, and electrical connections.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Loss of prime

Check for air leaks in the suction line and around connections.Verify that the check valve is functioning properly and not obstructed.Ensure the foot valve is not blocked or clogged.

Reduced flow

Check for clogs or obstructions in the inlet or discharge piping.Examine the impeller for damage or wear that might affect its performance.Verify that the motor is operating at the correct speed and power.

Vibration and noise

Inspect the pump foundation for stability.Check for misalignment of the motor and pump shaft.Examine bearings and coupling for wear.

Overheating

Ensure proper ventilation around the pump to prevent overheating.Verify that the motor is not overloaded.

Handling Debris and Air Pockets

Debris handling

Install strainers or filters in the inlet to prevent large debris from entering the pump.Regularly clean or replace strainers and filters as needed.If debris enters the pump, stop the pump and clear the obstruction before restarting.

Air pocket handling

In the case of air pockets, bleed air from the system using manual air release valves if available.If air pockets are persistent, check for leaks in the suction line and ensure proper venting.Avoid running the pump dry, as this can introduce more air into the system.

Priming after air ingestion

If air enters the pump due to sudden air ingestion, follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for re-priming the pump.Use any priming assist mechanisms provided by the pump design.

Factors Impacting Efficiency and Mitigation

Vibration and misalignment Impact: Vibration and misalignment reduce pump efficiency and can cause damage.Mitigation: Regularly inspect and align the pump and motor to prevent excessive vibration.

Wear and erosion:Impact: Wear and erosion of impeller and casing surfaces can decrease pump efficiency.Mitigation: Choose materials that resist wear, maintain proper clearances, and replace worn components.

Cavitation:Impact: Cavitation reduces pump efficiency and can lead to mechanical damage.Mitigation: Ensure sufficient NPSH, operate at correct speeds, and use pump designs resistant to cavitation.

Pipe friction and restrictions Impact: Friction losses and restrictions increase energy consumption and reduce efficiency.Mitigation: Design the piping system with smooth bends, proper sizing, and minimal restrictions.

Inadequate maintenance Impact: Neglected maintenance can lead to decreased efficiency and premature failure.Mitigation: Follow a regular maintenance schedule, including inspections, lubrication, and part replacements.

9 Factors to Consider When Selecting a Self-Priming Pump

Before selecting the an application there are a few key factors you should consider:

Size of solids
To ensure the impeller can sufficiently handle any particles without clogging.

Fluid viscosity
This often determines pump speed, possible flow rate and if other devices are required such as a follower plate to help feed the pump.

Priming distance
Not just the horizontal, and Vertical runs of pipework but also any accessories such as bends, strainers or valves which can add pressure losses and determine possible priming distance.

Fluctuating fluid levels
If water is being drawn from the sea, tidal rivers, or tanks where water levels change, care must be taken to ensure that the designed flow is possible at various heights without encountering issues due to a lack of suction pressure such as vortexing or cavitation due to insufficient NPSHA.

Priming time
That the time taken to evacuate the suction pipe is checked and that the unit does not overheat or take too long to start up. During priming, fluid recirculates within the casing, creating a vacuum. As it recirculates it begins to heat up, and if left too long, it can heat above the temperature rating of gaskets and seals within the pump head.

Trailer mounted, baseplate or pontoon mounted
Whether your pump will stay in situ, require a trailer for portability across your land / domestic roads or installed on a pontoon for dewatering there are many options to consider.

Power options
How to power the pump whether it be by single, or 3 phase, hydraulically driven or by engine.

Close or long coupled
Whether a cost-effective unit is required or a robust long coupled unit.

Controls
How the pump will start, stop, and operate as part of your system, and whether certain events may be triggered.

How Do Self-Priming Pumps Work?

To avoid the mixing of air and water, self-priming pumps create a partial vacuum to discharge water while also evacuating any air. It does this by combining the air and water during the priming process, forcing the air to rise and the water to sink or go down. Gravity then pulls the air-free water back into the impeller, where it mixes with the remaining air in the suction line.

This process repeats until all air is evacuated and a vacuum forms in the suction line. Once this happens, atmospheric pressure forces the water into the suction line and towards the impeller to allow pumping to begin.

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FAQ

Q: What is a self-priming pump?

A: Pumps that are partially or completely above the fluid level allow air into the suction line, which must be evacuated or displaced before the pump can move the liquid. Self-priming pumps are capable of removing air at startup before beginning its normal pumping functions.

Q: What is difference between centrifugal pump and self-priming pump?

A: Self-priming is not a feature of standard centrifugal pumps, also called non-self-priming pumps. Instead, these pumps require external priming to ensure they are filled with liquid before operation. Standard centrifugal pumps operate by using centrifugal force to move water.

Q: Does a self-priming pump need to be primed?

A: As there is added air volume if there is bigger suction lines, the self-priming pump will require more priming time. Therefore, it is important that your suction pipe rises to the pump, and not any higher - as to not allow for additional air and gases.

Q: Why use a self-priming pump?

A: Self-priming pumps are a specific type of liquid pump designed to have the required liquid inside the cavity or pump body necessary to start the pumping process. This offers the potential for increased operating efficiencies in process plants where pumps are used for a variety of repeated yet intermittent operations.

Q: What is the advantage of self-priming pump?

A: Benefits of Self-Priming Plunger Pumps
A true self-priming pump works against gravity by compressing air to get it to move and draw up fluids. They don't need to be submerged in liquid or located below a water tank; instead, they can operate laterally or above the level of the fluids being drawn through the pump.

Q: How do I know if my pump is self-priming?

A: Centrifugal pumps which have the capability to pump mixtures of liquids with entrained gas, as well as liquids, which have the ability to vent the suction line of air, are deemed to be self-priming pumps. Self-priming pumps operate by fluid recirculating within the pump head, which creates a vacuum.

Q: Can self-priming pumps run dry?

A: A Self-Priming Centrifugal Pump requires liquid in the casing in order to operate correctly and to avoid pre-mature mechanical seal failure due to running dry. Prior to start up you should always refer to the owner's manual for the basic start-up instructions.

Q: What is the difference between priming and self-priming pumps?

A: Self-priming centrifugal pumps overcome air binding by mixing any remaining air at first in the working mechanism with fluid during the priming process. Standard centrifugal pumps or non-self-priming pumps do not get designed to be self-priming. They move the water by the method of centrifugal force.

Q: How long does it take a self-priming pump to prime?

A: The time it takes for a self-priming pump to prime can vary depending on factors such as pump size, suction pipe length, and the presence of air in the system. In general, such pumps are designed to prime quickly, typically within a few seconds to a couple of minutes, ensuring efficient operation.

Q: Are centrifugal pumps always self-priming?

A: In fact, no centrifugal pump is truly self-priming in suction lift situations. And while there are several ways to start a pump that's filled with air, the first priority is always to protect the seal from overheating.

Q: Do self priming pumps need foot valve?

A: This consists of a simple collection tank attached to the pump suction. With this method, no foot valve is required.

Q: How do you prime a self-priming water pump?

A: Turn the power on
Let the pump run for approximately one minute. If you opened any relief valves, wait until water begins to run from them before closing them again. If the pump turns off naturally, it's primed.

Q: Which way does a self-priming pump rotate?

A: Pump impeller should rotate counterclockwise, looking from the suction inlet side. For single phase motors consult the motor manufacturer's instructions for wiring for counterclockwise rotation. Three phase motor rotation may be reversed by inter-changing any two of the three power leads.

Q: Which type of centrifugal pump does not require priming?

A: A self-priming pump is a type of pump that is designed to evacuate air from the suction line and pump casing automatically, without the need for manual priming. This makes them useful in situations where the fluid being pumped may contain air or gas, or where the pump may be located above the fluid source.

Q: Which type of pump is most reliable?

A: As a result, the two main candidates for the highest reliability in general applications are overhung and between-bearings designs. Of the two, a between-bearings type would typically be more reliable because the rotor is supported much more definitely on both sides of the impeller.

Q: Why is centrifugal pump the best?

A: Centrifugal Pumps are ideal for high-flow applications, with the added benefit of being very efficient to run when compared to pneumatically driven pumps. An additional key feature of a Centrifugal Pump is that it can be easily modified to suit the different requirements of the end user.

Q: Is a flexible impeller pump self-priming?

A: Excellent self-priming capabilities – Flexible impeller pumps are self-priming up to 6m from dry thanks to the nature of vanes meaning that they maintain a tight seal with the internal pump walls.

Q: Are reciprocating pumps self-priming?

A: Priming is the process in which the impeller of a centrifugal pump will get fully submerged in liquid without any air trap inside. This is especially required when there is the first startup. But it is advisable to start the pump only after primping. The reciprocating pump is self-priming.

Q: What is the difference between self priming pump and booster pump?

A: The specific effect is different: the booster pump of water purifier is more suitable for the high-rise buildings in the city, which can meet the water pressure of high-rise buildings, and the self-priming pump is more suitable for the use of a small household.

Q: How do you tell if a water pump is clockwise or counterclockwise?

A: Many pump motors are reversible—able to spin both clockwise CW and counter-clockwise CCW. However, for most pumps, it's crucial to ensure that the motor is rotating in the direction the manufacturer intended.

We're professional self priming pump manufacturers and suppliers in China, specialized in providing high quality products. We warmly welcome you to wholesale cheap self priming pump for sale here from our factory. For price consultation, contact us.

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